human structure

human structure
žmogaus struktūra statusas T sritis švietimas apibrėžtis Žmogaus visumos pagrindinės dalys. Nuo antikos laikų plėtojama Platono ir Aristotelio mintis apie dualistinę žmogaus prigimtį, kad žmogus esąs mirtingo kūno ir nemirtingos sielos darinys. Materializmas teigia, kad smegenų veikla sukuria tai, kas vadinama siela, arba psichika, o idealizmas įrodo, kad siela leidžia smegenims kurti sielos, arba psichikos, reiškinius. Įrodoma tuo, kad jokia materijos forma neprotauja. Smegenys negali protauti, nes jos yra tik materialus fiziologinis darinys, kaip ir bet kuri materijos dalis, neturinti sąmonės galių. Dualistinės žmogaus prigimties sampratą bandyta įveikti kitokiomis prielaidomis. Pavyzdžiui, fenomenologai sako, kad tikrovė yra vieno prado, bet dviejų skirtingų apraiškų – medžiaginės ir nemedžiaginės (sielos). Identizmas tapatina kūną ir sielą. A. Maceina skyrė tris žmogaus pradus: kūną, sielą ir dvasią. Siela, arba psichika, yra kūno funkcionavimo padarinys, o dvasia – žmogaus būties veiksnys, savo galią imantis iš visatos Kūrėjo. Žmogaus visumos struktūrą galima konstruoti taip: kūnas susideda iš galvos, liemens ir galūnių; siela – iš pažinimo procesų, jausmų ir valios; dvasia – iš proto, tikėjimo vertybių (schemą žr. priede). priedas(-ai) Grafinis formatas atitikmenys: angl. human structure vok. Menschenstruktur rus. структура человека

Enciklopedinis edukologijos žodynas. 2007.

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